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Acceleration Formula:
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Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity of an object with respect to time. It is a vector quantity that describes how quickly an object speeds up, slows down, or changes direction. According to Newton's second law of motion, acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on an object and inversely proportional to its mass.
The calculator uses Newton's second law formula:
Where:
Explanation: This fundamental physics equation shows that for a given force, lighter objects accelerate more than heavier objects. The acceleration is in the same direction as the applied force.
Details: Calculating acceleration is essential in physics, engineering, automotive design, aerospace, and many practical applications. It helps determine how quickly objects can reach certain speeds, stop distances, and the forces involved in motion.
Tips: Enter force in newtons (N) and mass in kilograms (kg). Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero. The result will be acceleration in meters per second squared (m/s²).
Q1: What is the difference between acceleration and velocity?
A: Velocity is the rate of change of position, while acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. Acceleration tells you how quickly velocity is changing.
Q2: Can acceleration be negative?
A: Yes, negative acceleration (deceleration) occurs when an object slows down. The direction is opposite to the velocity.
Q3: What are typical acceleration values?
A: Earth's gravity causes 9.8 m/s² acceleration. Cars accelerate at 3-8 m/s², while rockets can exceed 20 m/s².
Q4: Does this formula work for all situations?
A: This formula applies to classical mechanics. For relativistic speeds (close to light speed), Einstein's theory of relativity must be used.
Q5: How does air resistance affect acceleration?
A: Air resistance creates an opposing force, reducing net force and therefore acceleration. At terminal velocity, acceleration becomes zero.